A small town is served by many competing supermarkets, which have constant marginal cost. 一个小镇有许多超市,它们有不变的边际成本。
Its commonly viewed as the only equilibrium outcome that each firm earns zero profit in the homogeneous product Bertrand game with constant marginal cost. 本文的研究表明,存在使企业获得正利润的混合战略纳什均衡,并给出了能够保证零利润伯川德博弈结果的条件。
Under a constant marginal transaction cost, the increase of the initial water right of purchasers has no impact on the result of equilibrium. With the increase or decrease of the marginal transaction cost, the new equilibrium point will approach or leave away from the ideal equilibrium. 边际交易成本为常数时,增加买方的初始水权不会影响水权市场的均衡结果,但当边际交易成本递增或递减时分别会使新的均衡点接近或远离理想均衡。